Magnet, Magnetic materials, Magnetism, Magnetic field and Magnetic field lines- P10-13.01
THE PHYSICS CAFE
CHAPTER THIRTEEN – MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF ELECTRIC CURRENT
13.01 Magnet, Magnetic
materials, Magnetism, Magnetic field and Magnetic field lines
Magnet:
If an object can attract iron, steel,
cobalt and nickel, then the object is called Magnet
Properties of magnet
- A
magnet always has two poles; even you break, many times it will always
acquire two poles. Monopole doesn’t exist.
- One
pole is called north, while other is called south
- A
magnet always attracts magnetic material but if there is other magnet near
- same pole repels and opposite pole attracts
- The
property of attraction or repulsion to other magnet is called Magnetism
- The
force of attraction or repulsion to other magnet is called Magnetic Force of a magnet
- Freely
suspended magnet always lies in north-south direction.
Magnetic materials:
Iron, steel, cobalt, nickel and objects
made up of these are called Magnetic material/things
Magnetic field:
The region around a magnet in which
this magnet can attract magnetic material or other magnet, then this region is
called Magnetic field
Magnetic field lines:
To understand this region effectively, we take help of lines in magnetic field region; these lines are called Magnetic field lines
Properties of magnetic
field lines
- These
lines are closed loop, outside the magnet they comes out from north and
goes in south and inside they are south to north, as shown in fig.
- These
lines can be straight or curved. The direction of magnetic field is in the
direction of straight line if line is straight; or in the direction of
tangent if the line is curved.
- Direction
of magnetic field lines can also be finding out by compass; North Pole of
compass gives the direction of magnetic field.
- Magnetic
field lines are closer at poles and as we moves away from poles separation
between them start increasing. Where the space between lines is less the
magnetic field is strong there and vice versa.
- Two
lines never intersect each other. Because at the point of intersection
there are two tangents in different direction. Two directions at same
point in magnetic field are not possible.
Q. Why does a compass
needle get deflected when bought near a bar magnet?
Ans. Compass needle is, in fact, a
small bar magnet. When we bought it near a bar magnet same pole repel and
opposite pole attract and needle get deflected.
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